Royal
African Company: a slave-trading monopoly based in London which focused on Africa.
Beginning in the 1670s, it shipped African slaves directly to the
New World.
Gullah
and Geechee: Two important dialects that the African slaves used to
communicate, forwarding their unity.
These dialects made it possible for existing slaves to communicate with
“saltwater” Africans (those who had just arrived from Africa).
These languages are a mix of English and the language of the Gola and
Gizzi people of the African coast.
Chesapeake Rebellion of 1730: The largest slave
rebellion of the colonial period.
300 slaves escaped en masse from their masters, but were hunted down and
returned by Indians which had been hired by the
colonists.
Queen
Anne’s War: Part of what is also known as the War of Spanish Succession,
Queen Anne’s war pitted Englandand France(allied
with the Spanish) against each other.
Overall, Britainwas victorious, and the Treaty
of Utrecht (1713) forced the Spanish to yield exclusive trading rights to their
colonies to the British.
King
George’s War: Again consisting of
the English versus the French, King George’s War was fought primarily in
America.
The war ended in a stalemate, but it was the first war in history in
which the conclusive battle was fought on American
soil.
War
of Jenkins Ear: A sailor by the name of Jenkins testified in court to the
atrocities of the Spanish toward English traders, causing a public outrage. England
was forced to launch a war against the Spanish Caribbean.
Battles in Florida and
Georgialed to the boundaries
that are used today, but Britainhad little success in the Caribbean.
Middle
Passage: The journey from Africa to the Americas on a
slave ship. It was very arduous,
conditions were horrible, and many slaves died aboard the slave
ships.
Triangular
Trade: The 3-legged journey which consisted of English raiding (or bartering
with local chiefs in exchange for manufactured goods) for slaves, then shipping
the slaves to the Americas, where they traded for
commodities such as sugar and tobacco.
The last leg of the trade consisted of the sale of the commodities for a
massive profit in Europe.
“maroons”:
Escaped slaves often organized into communities called“maroons”.
These generally blended with the local Indians – the Seminoles are a
group which resulted from a combination of maroons and
Indians.
Navigation
Acts: Because other nations were stealing Britain’s business with its colonies due to
aggressive competition, Britainpassed Navigation Acts which
regulated trade with its colonies, and forbade the trade of certain colonial
goods with other countries.
Salutary
Neglect: Because the colonies were not allowed their own currency, foreign
currencies and commodities were used, and official currency exchange rates were
put into place. This went against
the desires of Britain, but it worked so well that
most Britons agreed to leave this system alone, known as a policy of “salutary
neglect.”
Natchez
Rebellion: The French Company invested in indigo plantations, which were
located in Louisianaon the Mississippi Delta, which was
part of the territory of the Natchez Indians. In 1629, the Natchez and African slaves
mounted a collective uprising, killing 200 French settlers before they were
suppressed. As a result, the
French lessened their total commitment to slavery.
Mulattoes:
People of mixed African and English descent. If born to a slave mother, they were
born enslaved, but if born to an English mother, they were born free. However, the free mulattoes still had
restricted rights.
Slave
Codes: A series of laws passed in primarily the South that limited the
rights of slaves. For example,
slaves were not allowed a legal marriage.
Mercantilism:
An economic system in which the government regulates the economy.
This policy was most successfully applied in Britain, where the government
established a monetary system, controlled wages, subsidized agriculture and
manufacturing, and put tariff barriers in place to protect from foreign
competition.
Creoles:
Slaves born in the Americas.
Their perspective was shaped by having been raised as a
slave.
John
Woolman: A Quaker who published Considerations on the Keeping of
Negroes, fuelling the beginnings of an antislavery movement among the
Quakers.
African Company: a slave-trading monopoly based in London which focused on Africa.
Beginning in the 1670s, it shipped African slaves directly to the
New World.
Gullah
and Geechee: Two important dialects that the African slaves used to
communicate, forwarding their unity.
These dialects made it possible for existing slaves to communicate with
“saltwater” Africans (those who had just arrived from Africa).
These languages are a mix of English and the language of the Gola and
Gizzi people of the African coast.
Chesapeake Rebellion of 1730: The largest slave
rebellion of the colonial period.
300 slaves escaped en masse from their masters, but were hunted down and
returned by Indians which had been hired by the
colonists.
Queen
Anne’s War: Part of what is also known as the War of Spanish Succession,
Queen Anne’s war pitted Englandand France(allied
with the Spanish) against each other.
Overall, Britainwas victorious, and the Treaty
of Utrecht (1713) forced the Spanish to yield exclusive trading rights to their
colonies to the British.
King
George’s War: Again consisting of
the English versus the French, King George’s War was fought primarily in
America.
The war ended in a stalemate, but it was the first war in history in
which the conclusive battle was fought on American
soil.
War
of Jenkins Ear: A sailor by the name of Jenkins testified in court to the
atrocities of the Spanish toward English traders, causing a public outrage. England
was forced to launch a war against the Spanish Caribbean.
Battles in Florida and
Georgialed to the boundaries
that are used today, but Britainhad little success in the Caribbean.
Middle
Passage: The journey from Africa to the Americas on a
slave ship. It was very arduous,
conditions were horrible, and many slaves died aboard the slave
ships.
Triangular
Trade: The 3-legged journey which consisted of English raiding (or bartering
with local chiefs in exchange for manufactured goods) for slaves, then shipping
the slaves to the Americas, where they traded for
commodities such as sugar and tobacco.
The last leg of the trade consisted of the sale of the commodities for a
massive profit in Europe.
“maroons”:
Escaped slaves often organized into communities called“maroons”.
These generally blended with the local Indians – the Seminoles are a
group which resulted from a combination of maroons and
Indians.
Navigation
Acts: Because other nations were stealing Britain’s business with its colonies due to
aggressive competition, Britainpassed Navigation Acts which
regulated trade with its colonies, and forbade the trade of certain colonial
goods with other countries.
Salutary
Neglect: Because the colonies were not allowed their own currency, foreign
currencies and commodities were used, and official currency exchange rates were
put into place. This went against
the desires of Britain, but it worked so well that
most Britons agreed to leave this system alone, known as a policy of “salutary
neglect.”
Natchez
Rebellion: The French Company invested in indigo plantations, which were
located in Louisianaon the Mississippi Delta, which was
part of the territory of the Natchez Indians. In 1629, the Natchez and African slaves
mounted a collective uprising, killing 200 French settlers before they were
suppressed. As a result, the
French lessened their total commitment to slavery.
Mulattoes:
People of mixed African and English descent. If born to a slave mother, they were
born enslaved, but if born to an English mother, they were born free. However, the free mulattoes still had
restricted rights.
Slave
Codes: A series of laws passed in primarily the South that limited the
rights of slaves. For example,
slaves were not allowed a legal marriage.
Mercantilism:
An economic system in which the government regulates the economy.
This policy was most successfully applied in Britain, where the government
established a monetary system, controlled wages, subsidized agriculture and
manufacturing, and put tariff barriers in place to protect from foreign
competition.
Creoles:
Slaves born in the Americas.
Their perspective was shaped by having been raised as a
slave.
John
Woolman: A Quaker who published Considerations on the Keeping of
Negroes, fuelling the beginnings of an antislavery movement among the
Quakers.