Terms
Journeyman- Young men who wished to pursue a career in craftsmanship. After completing apprenticeships, they would have to go to look for a job in another town.
Dower- A 1/3 lifetime interest widows received on the husband’s estate. The other 2/3 was divided into parts for other heirs.
Scots-Irish- A name given to Highland Scots and Protestant Irish from the Ulster region who immigrated to America during the 18th century.
Plantation Act-
John Locke- Believed that the state existed to provide for the happiness and security of individuals. He said individuals were endowed with unalienable rights to life, liberty, and property.
Arminianism- Founded by Dutch theologian Jacobus Arminius. Says that humans and their actions have no effect on their salvation, or lackthereof. However, salvation was determined by faith in Jesus.
Poor Richard’s Almanac- Published by Ben Franklin. Used literary elements to bring Enlightenment to the normal people.
Half-Way Covenant- Plan adopted in 1662 by New England clergy to deal with the problem of declining church membership, allowing children of baptized parents to be baptized whether or not their parents had experienced conversion. Said that the new members could not participate in communion.
Jonathan Edwards- Gave reenergizing hellfire and brimstone sermons. Started a trend among many Reverends in the New England colonies.
Congregationalists- Post-Puritans who were beginning to believe that a human could affect their salvation through a strong faith in God.
Great Awakening- A revival of religion in America, also seen as an American version of the second phase of the Protestant Reformation.
Old Lights- Condemned emotional enthusiasm as a part of the heresy of believing in a personal and direct relationship with God outside the order of the church.
George Whitefield- Preacher who made several tours of the colonies and started his lectures by condemning the audience as “half animals and half devils”, but finishing with the promises of God. He wanted to avoid sectarian differences.
New Lights- Saw Arminianism as heresy, wanted revival of Calvinism.
Toleration Act- Act passed in 1661 by King Charles II ordering a stop to religious persecution in Massachusetts.
William Tennent- Established a log cabin religious school. Instilled religious zeal in the young people that attended.
New England Primer- A 90 page textbook on religion with all kinds of religious material included, such as acronyms, moral lessons, and catechisms.
Revivalism- A movement by Protestant ministers to fire people up about their religions. Involved intense sermons.
Questions
Journeyman- Young men who wished to pursue a career in craftsmanship. After completing apprenticeships, they would have to go to look for a job in another town.
Dower- A 1/3 lifetime interest widows received on the husband’s estate. The other 2/3 was divided into parts for other heirs.
Scots-Irish- A name given to Highland Scots and Protestant Irish from the Ulster region who immigrated to America during the 18th century.
Plantation Act-
John Locke- Believed that the state existed to provide for the happiness and security of individuals. He said individuals were endowed with unalienable rights to life, liberty, and property.
Arminianism- Founded by Dutch theologian Jacobus Arminius. Says that humans and their actions have no effect on their salvation, or lackthereof. However, salvation was determined by faith in Jesus.
Poor Richard’s Almanac- Published by Ben Franklin. Used literary elements to bring Enlightenment to the normal people.
Half-Way Covenant- Plan adopted in 1662 by New England clergy to deal with the problem of declining church membership, allowing children of baptized parents to be baptized whether or not their parents had experienced conversion. Said that the new members could not participate in communion.
Jonathan Edwards- Gave reenergizing hellfire and brimstone sermons. Started a trend among many Reverends in the New England colonies.
Congregationalists- Post-Puritans who were beginning to believe that a human could affect their salvation through a strong faith in God.
Great Awakening- A revival of religion in America, also seen as an American version of the second phase of the Protestant Reformation.
Old Lights- Condemned emotional enthusiasm as a part of the heresy of believing in a personal and direct relationship with God outside the order of the church.
George Whitefield- Preacher who made several tours of the colonies and started his lectures by condemning the audience as “half animals and half devils”, but finishing with the promises of God. He wanted to avoid sectarian differences.
New Lights- Saw Arminianism as heresy, wanted revival of Calvinism.
Toleration Act- Act passed in 1661 by King Charles II ordering a stop to religious persecution in Massachusetts.
William Tennent- Established a log cabin religious school. Instilled religious zeal in the young people that attended.
New England Primer- A 90 page textbook on religion with all kinds of religious material included, such as acronyms, moral lessons, and catechisms.
Revivalism- A movement by Protestant ministers to fire people up about their religions. Involved intense sermons.
Questions
- The Chesapeake underwent the greatest changes during the colonization period, because it was founded based on freedom of religion, and many religions began appearing the more time went on. Also, the colonies there were started without slaves, but at the end slaves were very common. Also, Quakers who founded certain territories were quickly becoming the minority.
- The population of America was growing so quickly because of slaves multiplying, and because of the exponential growth of the families that had already immigrated to the colonies. Also, there were high fertility rates and low mortality rates. Lastly, there were still some people coming from Europe looking for a refuge from bad economies. Sometimes, this rapid growth caused a lack of housing or a lack of food.
- America was becoming less like Great Britain religiously and socially. Religiously, there were many religions being practiced, and the religious revivals also were taking place. Socially, there were becoming more separated, distinct classes with slaves and lower class whites, all the way up to elite whites.
- The Great Awakening brought everyone in America to their religious feet, getting people fired up about religion. This brought the church and state closer, as widespread religious views could not be kept out.
- Religious fundamentalism is the belief that the Bible is without fault, and should be followed intensely. The Great Awakening was anti-fundamentalist because it condemned the old ways of doing things in the church, and believed that the old ways are what caused people to lose enthusiasm in the first place.
- On top of society were the white elite, which were usually the owners of slaves and plantations. Then there were free blacks and free, non-elite whites. Below them were free mulattoes and indentured servants, and last came slaves. This society was greatly affected by the freeing of slaves and previous indentured servants. Also, voting rights and other rights were given to higher-class citizens.