Terms
Second Great Awakening- Religious revival among black and white Southerners in the 1790s.
Underground Railroad- An informal network of secret routes and safe houses that 19th century African slaves in the United States used to escape to free states (or as far north as Canada) with the aid of abolitionists.
Harriet Tubman- An escaped slave from Maryland who made 12 rescue missions in order to save 60-70 slaves.
Gabriel’s Rebellion- Slave revolt that failed when Gabriel Prosser, a slave preacher and blacksmith, organized a thousand slaves for an attack on Richmond, Virginia in 1800.
Nat Turner- The leader of slave uprisings in Southampton County, Virginia in the summer of 1831 that resulted in the death of 55 white people.
Industrial Revolution- Revolution in the means and organization of production.
Black Codes- Laws passed by states and municipalities denying many rights of citizenship to free black people before the Civil War.
Sold “Down the River”- A term used to describe slaves who were taken like cargo from the Middle Mississippi River to the Louisiana and Mississippi areas via steamboat.
Yeoman- Independent farmers of the South, most of whom lived on family-sized farms.
Gang System- The organization and supervision of slave field hands into working teams on southern plantations.
Denmark Vesey- The leader of the most carefully devised slave revolt in which rebels planned to seize control of Charleston in 1822 and escape to freedom in Haiti, a free black country. The effort failed due to their betrayal by other slaves, and 75 conspirators were executed.
Planter Elite- 2.5 percent of the slave-owning population who owned 50 slaves or more, who were in possession of much political leadership and a great lifestyle.
Gag Rule- A law that Congress passed (with the endorsements of Andrew Jackson and most of the South) in 1836 prohibiting the discussion of antislavery petitions.
Sociology for the South- A book published by George Fitzhugh in defense of slavery.
Hinton Helper- Publisher of The Impending Crisis, in which he attacked slavery.
The Impending Crisis- A book published by Hinton Helper as an attack on slavery. It indicated the growing tensions between slaveholders and non-slaveholders.
Questions
1) The introduction of the cotton gin into the Southern economy was so revolutionary because it made the production of cotton much, much faster, therefore allowing more to be grown and sold. It lead the expansion into new areas because with more cotton being able to be produced, there was a greater need for land to produce it with.
2) The yeoman farmers were Southern farmers who owned simple family-sized farms. They usually had a few slaves, but not any more than were needed to tend the farm and house.
3) This is not true because the work being done by slaves was forced and the slaves had no freedom, whereas the factory workers could quit at any time. This is not really a valid comparison due to that factor.
4) Slaves “survived” slavery by creating communities on the farms with their fellow slaves, and in some cases with their masters. They got married and had a family, which provided them with enough joy to get through life.
5) Slaveholders justified slavery by saying it was a very civil thing, seeing as they gave the slaves a home and food. This changed over time as the slaveholders tried comparing it to the factory system in the northeast, which was also very brutal but still not comparable to slavery.
Second Great Awakening- Religious revival among black and white Southerners in the 1790s.
Underground Railroad- An informal network of secret routes and safe houses that 19th century African slaves in the United States used to escape to free states (or as far north as Canada) with the aid of abolitionists.
Harriet Tubman- An escaped slave from Maryland who made 12 rescue missions in order to save 60-70 slaves.
Gabriel’s Rebellion- Slave revolt that failed when Gabriel Prosser, a slave preacher and blacksmith, organized a thousand slaves for an attack on Richmond, Virginia in 1800.
Nat Turner- The leader of slave uprisings in Southampton County, Virginia in the summer of 1831 that resulted in the death of 55 white people.
Industrial Revolution- Revolution in the means and organization of production.
Black Codes- Laws passed by states and municipalities denying many rights of citizenship to free black people before the Civil War.
Sold “Down the River”- A term used to describe slaves who were taken like cargo from the Middle Mississippi River to the Louisiana and Mississippi areas via steamboat.
Yeoman- Independent farmers of the South, most of whom lived on family-sized farms.
Gang System- The organization and supervision of slave field hands into working teams on southern plantations.
Denmark Vesey- The leader of the most carefully devised slave revolt in which rebels planned to seize control of Charleston in 1822 and escape to freedom in Haiti, a free black country. The effort failed due to their betrayal by other slaves, and 75 conspirators were executed.
Planter Elite- 2.5 percent of the slave-owning population who owned 50 slaves or more, who were in possession of much political leadership and a great lifestyle.
Gag Rule- A law that Congress passed (with the endorsements of Andrew Jackson and most of the South) in 1836 prohibiting the discussion of antislavery petitions.
Sociology for the South- A book published by George Fitzhugh in defense of slavery.
Hinton Helper- Publisher of The Impending Crisis, in which he attacked slavery.
The Impending Crisis- A book published by Hinton Helper as an attack on slavery. It indicated the growing tensions between slaveholders and non-slaveholders.
Questions
1) The introduction of the cotton gin into the Southern economy was so revolutionary because it made the production of cotton much, much faster, therefore allowing more to be grown and sold. It lead the expansion into new areas because with more cotton being able to be produced, there was a greater need for land to produce it with.
2) The yeoman farmers were Southern farmers who owned simple family-sized farms. They usually had a few slaves, but not any more than were needed to tend the farm and house.
3) This is not true because the work being done by slaves was forced and the slaves had no freedom, whereas the factory workers could quit at any time. This is not really a valid comparison due to that factor.
4) Slaves “survived” slavery by creating communities on the farms with their fellow slaves, and in some cases with their masters. They got married and had a family, which provided them with enough joy to get through life.
5) Slaveholders justified slavery by saying it was a very civil thing, seeing as they gave the slaves a home and food. This changed over time as the slaveholders tried comparing it to the factory system in the northeast, which was also very brutal but still not comparable to slavery.